Although the Constitution of Montenegro formally guarantees freedom of expression, in practice the media face serious challenges. Political pressures, unresolved attacks on journalists, economic obstacles, and legal abuses complicate the work of independent media. Journalists reporting on corruption and organized crime are particularly endangered, and increasingly face SLAPP lawsuits aimed at intimidation.

Female journalists are additionally exposed to gender-based violence, including threats of sexual violence and insults based on appearance. Statistics show that nearly half of attacks in the last two years involve women.

Although there have been some positive developments — such as better police response and increased public awareness — key issues like impunity and political influence remain unresolved. International organizations call for systemic reforms, more effective protection of journalists, and support for independent media. Freedom of the media, it is concluded, is crucial for the functioning of democracy and the public’s right to truthful information.